A 62-year-old woman presented with right flank pain, and computed tomography (CT) showed bilateral adrenal tumors (right,
8 cm; left, 4 cm). There were no abnormal findings on physical examination, and adrenal hormone levels in serum and urine
were within normal limits. Radiological studies showed a right adrenal tumor with intratumoral hemorrhage, a cystic tumor
in the left adrenal gland, and no sign of distant metastasis. Because laboratory tests showed normal levels of adrenal hormones,
we considered the tumors to be nonfunctioning adrenal tumors. The right adrenal tumor was surgically removed because it was
thought to be malignant, and histological examination revealed that it was a leiomyosarcoma. Postoperative CT showed a pleural
metastasis in the right chest wall. The patient received combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, adriamycin,
and dacarbazine. The metastasis was also treated with radiofrequency ablation (RFA). Because the left adrenal tumor grew rapidly
despite two courses of the chemotherapy, it too was surgically removed. After the operation, metastasis in the right iliac
bone was treated with RFA and radiotherapy. Positron emission tomography detected bilateral femoral metastases, and these
were treated with radiotherapy in combination with a low dose of cisplatin. A liver metastasis and a small metastasis in the
left kidney were treated with RFA and a metastasis in the pancreatic tail was removed surgically. Sixteen months after the
right adrenalectomy, the patient died due to systemic spread of the disease. Multiple local treatments including RFA, radiotherapy,
and resection were effective for the local control of metastatic lesions of adrenal leiomyosarcoma.
Key words Bilateral adrenal tumor - Leiomyosarcoma - Chemotherapy - Radiotherapy - Radiofrequency ablation